Activity 4

Mathematics in Geographically

Babylonian
1.Sources
There are 50000 tablets were exvated at the site of ancient Nippur alone.there are many excellent collections of these tablets,such as those in the great museums at paris,Berlin,and London.Of the half millions tablets ,about 300 have identified as strictly mathematical tablets containing mathematical tablets and list of mathematical promblems
2.Progress on Babylonian
-Babylonian geometry is intimately relatical mensuration -Must have been familiar for the area of a rectangle,the area of right and isosceles triangles,the area of a trapezoid -the sexagesimal position system was ready long establish -the chief feature of Babylonian geometry is its algebraic character

Egypt
1.Sources
Following is a chonological list of some of the tangible items bearing on the mathematics of ancient Egypt

1.the moscow papyrus consisted of 25 problems which were already old when the manuscript was compiled
2. The Rhind Papyrus consisted of 85 problems copied in hieratic written by the script of Ahmes from an earlier work
3. The Rollin Papyrus Containing some elaborate bread

2. Progress in Egypt
-the area of circle is taken as equal to that of the square on 8/9 of the diameter
-Egyptians knew that the area of triangle is given by half the product of base and altitude
-There is some symbolism is egyptian algebra.
for example: symbols for minus and plus.
-numeral system of egyptian is the additive character.
-phi is 256/81

Mesopotamian
-the first in finding out the numbering system
-found system in wight and measurement


Greek
-proved the theorem of phytagoras
-knowing prime numbers
-knowing astronomical

India
-math came in South Asia at Lembah Indus in 2600-1900 BC
-knowing decimal system, negative numbers, and zero.
-knowing cubic system in
-knowing trygonometry

China
-came in 11 BC
-developing negative numbers, algebra, geometry, calculus, and trygonometry.

source:
www.wikipedia.com
Buku Berhitung:Sejerah sdan Perkembangannya,karya:Dali.S.Naga
Buku Tokoh dan Karyanya bagian 1.Oleh ara mahasiswa

activity 3

Mathematician

1 Thales

• -he was the first one who theorem or proposition
• -circle divided a line from centre,callrd diameter
• mathematician before pythagoras

2 Pythagoras

• - he set up pythagoras univercity
• -he discovery of amicable number
• -he discovery of perfect ,difficient,and abudant number

3 Socrates

• -he is philosophy
• -he was not expert in knowledge but he was a great thinker
• -his knowledge and theory was naturalism

4 Plato

• -he studied with Socrates
• -Aristoteles' teacher
  
• -Plato's knowledge came from his life with Sofis

5 Eulides

• -everyone called him Father of Geometry
• -he created the element book consist of 13 books
• -he discovery some instrument mathematics,
• for example; ruler= to make straight line, jangka=to make circle

6 Archimedes

• measurement of circle, quadrature of the parabola and spirals
• the area of a parabolic is 4/3 from area of triangle
• there are 2 extant treatises by Archimedes on applied mathematics' on plane equilibriums and on floting bodises

7 Eratosthenes

• use the sieve for finding all the prime number

8 Appolonius

• -the one who named ellipse,parabola and hiperbola
• -the drawer of tangens
• -according Apollonius the vertex angle of the cone was less than, equal to ,or greater that a right angle

9 Diophatus

• -Father of Algebra
• -solve the following problem, also found in the aritmetika

source:
www.wikipedia.com
www.mate-mati-kaku.com

activity 2

Pythagaras and Pythagorean

One of the early outstanding mathematics mentioned in the Eudemian Summary is Pythagoras,who became enveloped by his followers in such a mythical haze that very little is known about him with anydegree of certainty.

It seems that he was born about 572 B.C. on the Aegean island of Samos.Being aboutfifty years younger that Thales' home city Milrtus,it maybe that Pythagoras studied under the older man.

The Pythagoras philosophy rested on the assumption thatwhole is the cause of the various qualities of matter.

Aritmetika Pythagoras

Conceded that Pythagoras and hs followers,in conjuction with the fraterniny's philosophy.took the fisrt steps in the development of number theory.

Thus Lamblichus,an influential Neoplatonic philosopher of about 320 A.D. ascribed to [ythagoras the discoveryof amicable or friendly number.For example 284 and 220.

other number havingmtsticsl connections essensial to numerological speculations and sometime ascribe tothe Pythagoras are the prefect ,dificient and abudant number.

Pythagorean Theorem and Pythagorean Triples

Theorem's Ptythagorean is the square on the hypotinuse of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the squares on the two legs.

We have seen that this theorem was kwown to the Babylonians of Hammuraby's time.more than 1000 years earlier,but the first general proof on the theorem may well been given by Pythagoras.

Discovery of irrational Magnitudes

This discovery of the irrational Magnitudes of akar2 caused some consternation in the Pythagoras ranks.Not only did it appear to upset the basic assumtion that everything depends on the whole numbers,but because the Pythagorean definition of proportion assumed any two like magnitudes to be commensurable,all the propositions in the Pythagoras theory of proportion hat to be limited to commensurable magnitudes.

So great was the "logical scandal"that efforts were made for a while to keep the matter secret ,and one legemd has it that the Pythagorean ,Hipassus,drowned at sea for disclosing the secret to outsiders

source:
www.wikipedia.com
www.mate-mati-kaku.com
Buku Berhitung Sejarah dan Perkembangannya,Karya Dali.S.Sinaga

activity 1

Activity seeking reference about history of mathematics

I get information about history of mathematics from some website which posted about it in internet.

first,I open a website adressed
1. http//www.mate-mati-kaku .com.
from that web, i find articles about greek mathematican called phytagoras, and I can describe about theorem of phytagoras. the second web which i log on to is
2. http// www.id.wikipedia/org/wiki/pythagoras.
from this web, i get knowledge about theorem of phytagoras, history of theorem of phytagoras and life of phytagoras. the third web I look up to is
3, http//www.id.wikipedia/org/wiki/hipassus.
from this web i get informations about Hipasus and things about discovery of irrational magnitudes.

after looking up those websites, i discuss history of math with my friends.

then, i go to library, and borrowed a book about history of math. in library i got two books titled ."Berhitung: Sejarah dan Pengembangannya" written by Drs. Ir. Dali S. Naga and the other one was "Sejarah Matematika, Tokoh dan Karyanya". These books said about Mathematicans before Euclid's era, birth of demonstrative mathematics, phytagoras and pytagorean, etc.

introduce my self

I am EttiKhosyiah,but people around me call me Etik.Now i am taking up mathematics departement in UNY.I write this blog to get a score from a lesson called "History of Mathematics.